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In the Middle Ages, the cities of Como and Milan were rivals in power and wealth. In 1118 started the so-called Decennal War, that ended in 1127 with Como's defeat: Milanese soldiers destroyed every building in Como, sparing only the churches.
All of this changed when the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I came to power and restored Como's independence from Milan. He promoted the construction of fortifications and several defensive towers.

His appearance led the Italians to give him a nickname that remained in history...
How was he called?